What is the thyroid? How important is it for my health? The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine organ located in the lower front portion of the neck. The thyroid primarily produces thyroxine hormone which is secreted into the bloodstream and carried to the rest of the body. Thyroxine contributes to the body’s metabolism such as keeping the body warm and keeping the brain, heart, muscles, and other vital organs working as they should. Why would I need thyroid surgery? Thyroid surgery offers the advantage of removing the diseased gland for the following conditions: .Cancer is diagnosed or strongly suspected .Hyperparathyroidism of the parathyroid glands resulting in excess calcium levels .Possible cancer on FNAB (follicular neoplasm or atypical findings) .Thyroid gland and condition is not responding to medical treatment (typically Graves' disease) .Presence of symptoms arising from a goitre (large overgrowth of gland) .Nodule(s) that continue to enlarge on surveillance The indication for thyroid surgery should be clearly explained by your surgeon.